• Re: history of Fortran, good post on LinkedIn

    From John Levine@johnl@taugh.com to sci.electronics.design,comp.arch.embedded on Sat Jan 31 23:10:21 2026
    From Newsgroup: comp.arch.embedded

    According to Nioclás Pól Caileán de Ghloucester <thanks-to@Taf.com>:
    I want to quote an old comp.compilers post by its moderator about how
    FORTRAN programmers are not bothered to consult the FORTRAN standard
    (circa FORTRAN-66) so they insist that they know FORTRAN when they do
    not, so a new FORTRAN standard (circa FORTRAN-77) made a >backwards-incompatible change to accept this wrong belief of what
    FORTRAN really is. Alas searching for it takes too long (the 3 search
    options offered by

    I'm pretty sure I didn't say that. Possibly someone else did but I don't recall that either. In fact F77 tried hard to stay compatible with F66 and
    the few incompatibilities were well documented and had good rationales.
    --
    Regards,
    John Levine, johnl@taugh.com, Primary Perpetrator of "The Internet for Dummies",
    Please consider the environment before reading this e-mail. https://jl.ly
    --- Synchronet 3.21b-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From thanks-to@thanks-to@Taf.com to sci.electronics.design,comp.arch.embedded on Sat Jan 31 23:25:07 2026
    From Newsgroup: comp.arch.embedded

    In sci.electronics.design John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> wrote: |-------------------------------------------------------------------------| |"According to Nioclás Pól Caileán de Ghloucester <thanks-to@Taf.com>: | |>I want to quote an old comp.compilers post by its moderator about how | |>FORTRAN programmers are not bothered to consult the FORTRAN standard | |>(circa FORTRAN-66) so they insist that they know FORTRAN when they do | |>not, so a new FORTRAN standard (circa FORTRAN-77) made a | |>backwards-incompatible change to accept this wrong belief of what | |>FORTRAN really is. Alas searching for it takes too long (the 3 search | |>options offered by |
    | | |I'm pretty sure I didn't say that. Possibly someone else did but I don't| |recall that either." | |-------------------------------------------------------------------------|

    Dear oh dear. Sorry. Whatever comp.compilers post I am thinking of, I
    read it a long time ago and I do not remember it intimately, and it is
    about versions of FORTRAN from before I became born, or . . . I am
    imagining it.

    |-------------------------------------------------------------------------| |"In fact F77 tried hard to stay compatible with F66 and | |the few incompatibilities were well documented and had good rationales." | |-------------------------------------------------------------------------|

    If I would not be imagining this incident, then it might be about an
    even older version of FORTRAN.

    What happened to the comp.compilers mbox archives? Happy New Year!
    (S. HTTP://Gloucester.Insomnia247.NL/ fuer Kontaktdaten!)
    --- Synchronet 3.21b-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From John Levine@johnl@taugh.com to sci.electronics.design,comp.arch.embedded on Sun Feb 1 02:43:52 2026
    From Newsgroup: comp.arch.embedded

    According to Nioclás Pól Caileán de Ghloucester <thanks-to@Taf.com>:
    Dear oh dear. Sorry. Whatever comp.compilers post I am thinking of, I
    read it a long time ago and I do not remember it intimately, and it is
    about versions of FORTRAN from before I became born, or . . . I am
    imagining it.

    Fortran 66 was the first Fortran standard and it largely codified what
    the existing IBM FORTRAN compilers did so, nope.

    What happened to the comp.compilers mbox archives? Happy New Year!
    (S. HTTP://Gloucester.Insomnia247.NL/ fuer Kontaktdaten!)

    They're still on my server but since nobody had looked at them for years,
    I turned off FTP.
    --
    Regards,
    John Levine, johnl@taugh.com, Primary Perpetrator of "The Internet for Dummies",
    Please consider the environment before reading this e-mail. https://jl.ly
    --- Synchronet 3.21b-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From albert@albert@spenarnc.xs4all.nl to sci.electronics.design,comp.arch.embedded on Sun Feb 1 22:11:29 2026
    From Newsgroup: comp.arch.embedded

    In article <10lm24t$iqv$1@gal.iecc.com>, John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> wrote: >According to Nioclás Pól Caileán de Ghloucester <thanks-to@Taf.com>:
    I want to quote an old comp.compilers post by its moderator about how >>FORTRAN programmers are not bothered to consult the FORTRAN standard
    (circa FORTRAN-66) so they insist that they know FORTRAN when they do
    not, so a new FORTRAN standard (circa FORTRAN-77) made a >>backwards-incompatible change to accept this wrong belief of what
    FORTRAN really is. Alas searching for it takes too long (the 3 search >>options offered by

    I'm pretty sure I didn't say that. Possibly someone else did but I don't >recall that either. In fact F77 tried hard to stay compatible with F66 and >the few incompatibilities were well documented and had good rationales.

    In 1990 I led a project with Shell. All calculations were still required to
    use FORTRAN IV. Because there was substantial graphics involved we got dispensation to use c on VMS. (Using transputers, also occam was allowed.) Compatibility was a priority.

    John Levine, johnl@taugh.com, Primary Perpetrator of "The Internet for Dummies",

    Groetjes Albert
    --
    The Chinese government is satisfied with its military superiority over USA.
    The next 5 year plan has as primary goal to advance life expectancy
    over 80 years, like Western Europe.
    --- Synchronet 3.21b-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From OrangeFish@OrangeFish@invalid.invalid to sci.electronics.design,comp.arch.embedded on Sun Feb 1 18:00:15 2026
    From Newsgroup: comp.arch.embedded

    On 2026-01-31 21:43, John Levine wrote (in part):
    What happened to the comp.compilers mbox archives? Happy New Year!
    (S. HTTP://Gloucester.Insomnia247.NL/ fuer Kontaktdaten!)

    They're still on my server but since nobody had looked at them for years,
    I turned off FTP.

    I downloaded them eons ago. (I still have the paper copy that you sold
    quite ago.)

    --- Synchronet 3.21b-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From thanks-to@thanks-to@Taf.com to sci.electronics.design,comp.arch.embedded on Wed Feb 18 14:56:32 2026
    From Newsgroup: comp.arch.embedded

    Dr. John R Levine, Ph.D wrote in 2004: |-------------------------------------------------------------------|
    |"[. . .] I think it's now the |
    |oldest active newsgroup with the original moderator, which shows if|
    |nothing else an impressive lack of imagination on your moderator's |
    |part. [. . .] " | |-------------------------------------------------------------------|

    Hmm :)

    I fail to find even arguable evidence for what I believed about an
    imagined comp.comiplers post which I imagined to be by John R Levine about arrogant FORTRAN users who incited an imagined change in a new FORTRAN
    standard because they refuse to check what is in an old FORTRAN standard.

    If it is my imagnation, then it could be about a default or initial value
    of an index in a loop or for an array.

    On Sun, 1 Feb 2026, OrangeFish wrote: |-----------------------------------------------------------------------------| |"On 2026-01-31 21:43, John Levine wrote (in part): |
    What happened to the comp.compilers mbox archives? Happy New Year! | (S. HTTP://Gloucester.Insomnia247.NL/ fuer Kontaktdaten!) |
    | They're still on my server but since nobody had looked at them for years, | I turned off FTP. |
    | | |I downloaded them eons ago. (I still have the paper copy that you sold quite| |ago.)" | |-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|

    HTTPS://compilers.IECC.com/comparch/article
    has many non-existent articles for a month - e.g. December 2004 and March
    2018 - are all these non-existent articles before a month's last existent article really monthly FAQ articles?

    Mboxes are convenient for threads.

    Downloading compressed mboxes of comp.compilers via FTP would take upto a
    few minutes. Instead, downloading HTML versions via HTTPS took more than 1
    day.

    I used
    wget
    --input-file=URLs_for_comp.compilers_including_inexistent_articles.txt --output-file=Wget_logfile_for_comp.compilers_from_its_start_to_the_end_of_the_Year_2025.txt
    &
    and HTTP://Gloucester.Insomnia247.NL/comp.compilers/Generate_URLs_for_comp.compilers_from_its_start_to_the_end_of_the_Year_2025.BASh
    and HTTP://Gloucester.Insomnia247.NL/comp.compilers/URLs_for_comp.compilers_including_inexistent_articles.txt

    Wget said:
    "--2026-02-01 16:22:36--
    https://compilers.iecc.com/comparch/article/86-01-001
    Resolving compilers.iecc.com (compilers.iecc.com)... 192.55.226.148, 2001:470:1f07:1126:7065:7373:696d:616c
    Connecting to compilers.iecc.com
    (compilers.iecc.com)|192.55.226.148|:443... connected.
    HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
    Length: unspecified [text/html]
    Saving to: ‘86-01-001’

    0K .. 83.3M=0s

    2026-02-01 16:22:37 (83.3 MB/s) - ‘86-01-001’ saved [2968]
    [. . .]
    2026-02-03 07:21:58 (6.42 MB/s) - ‘25-12-999’ saved [439]

    FINISHED --2026-02-03 07:21:58--
    Total wall clock time: 1d 14h 59m 22s
    Downloaded: 479520 files, 374M in 54s (6.92 MB/s)"
    but used six times as much space on the XFS filesystem to which I
    downlaoded these files as
    du --human-readable
    said:
    "2.2G ."
    for
    "du --block-size=1
    2307362816 .".

    (wc --bytes said 382891882 i.e. 365.2M.)

    du -h
    said
    489M
    on this
    XFS filesystem
    immediately after I ran delete_most_non-existent_articles_before_the_Year_2026.BASh

    Cf. HTTP://Gloucester.Insomnia247.NL/comp.compilers/alternative_partial_archive_of_comp.compilers.HTML

    "Since 1986 he has been the moderator of the comp.compilers usenet group,
    a technical interest group on compilers (programs that translate among different computer languages), with an estimated readership of over
    100,000."
    says
    HTTPS://WWW.JohnLevine.com/about.phtml

    How do you estimate a news group's readership?

    When failing to find evidence like an imagined comp.compilers article,
    I found e.g. these following real articles . . .

    |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
    |"Our esteemed moderator commented: |
    [Fortran has backward compatibility issues going back to the 1950s. |
    | |
    | |
    |Sure enough. |
    | |
    | |
    You've always been able to pass any array element as an argument by |
    address, and it's up to your code to get the array shapes |
    right. The only descriptors are the lengths of character variables introduced|
    in F77. -John] |
    | |
    | |
    |Hmmm....for the current version of Fortran, that isn't true. Assumed shape |
    |array - introduced some fifteen years ago in F90 - need to transport shape |
    |information that is equivalent to a "descriptor". So do allocatable arrays and |
    |array pointers. |
    | |
    | |
    |Jan |
    |[Oh, right. It's been a while. -John]" |
    |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

    |-----------------------------------------------------------------------| |"[Well, there was the Fortran FREQUENCY statement which they dropped |
    |when they realized that programmers have no idea what the probabilities|
    |are. -John]" | |-----------------------------------------------------------------------|

    |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
    |"And then our moderator wrote: |
    | |
    | |
    [You wouldn't like Fortran, in which the compiler is allowed to put the |
    test at the bottom of a DO loop and always run the loop at least once. -John]|
    | |
    | |
    |Well, they did change that in 1977. |
    | |
    | |
    |As far as I know, the original rules were related to the 704 index |
    |registers, kept in later machines. Also, the S/360 BXLE (branch on |
    |index less than or equal) is very convenient for a test at the end DO |
    |loop. |
    | |
    | |
    |Even more, the Fortran rules through Fortran 66 didn't allow negative |
    |or zero values for the start, end, or increment value, and, at least, |
    |the IBM OS/360 compilers enforced that in the case of constants. |
    | |
    | |
    |Then they might have overdone it in Fortran 77. I sort of like the |
    |option to have UPTO and DOWNTO, specifying the loop direction. |
    |Fortran 77 allows for either either positive or negative variable |
    |increment, requiring more complicated logic at run time. Fortran 77 |
    |also pretty much requires the loop increment and limit to be evaluated |
    |at loop entry and used for the duration of the loop. |
    | |
    | |
    |Also, Fortran 77 allows for REAL (floating point) DO loops, |
    |a feature removed in Fortran 90 and later. |
    | |
    | |
    |-- glen" |
    |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

    |----------------------------------------------------------------------| |"[Back around 1960 I believe there were a lot of Fortran variants with|
    |the keywords in local languages, but they all disappeared for the | |obvious reason that it wrecked portability. -John]" | |----------------------------------------------------------------------|

    |-------------------------------------------------------------------------| |"On Dec 30, 7:46 am, compil...@is-not-my.name wrote: |
    | |
    | |
    From a little time searching the web I found a thread here: |
    | http://lists.apple.com/archives/fortran-dev/2009/Mar/threads.html |
    | reading through it suggests a modern compliant compiler should compile | compliant code from the old days. One of the great things about old | languages, especially old languages IBM supported, is almost everything| that used to work 50 years ago still does today. |
    | |
    | | |This is almost true. Fortran 95 has short list of deleted features | |(e.g., REAL do-loop index). Most (all?) modern compilers still | |implement the deleted feature. More importantly there are two | |F66 features that most (all?) modern compilers do not implement. |
    |I cannot remember one and would need to pull out my copy |
    |of F66 to find it. The other feature is the extended do loop. | |From F66: |
    | |
    | |
    | 7.1.2.8.2 A DO is said to have an EXTENDED RANGE if both |
    | of the following conditions apply: |
    | |
    | |
    | (1) There exists a GO TO statement or arithmetic IF |
    | statement within the range of the innermost DO of a |
    | completely nested nest that can cause control to pass |
    | out that nest. |
    | |
    | |
    | (2) There exists a GO TO statement of arithmetic IF |
    | statement not within the nest that, in the collection |
    | of all possible sequences of execution in the particular |
    | program unit, could be executed after a statement of the |
    | type described in (1), and the execution of which could |
    | cause control to return into the range of the innermost |
    | DO of the completely nested nest. |
    | |
    | | |This looks like an early attempt at exception handling." | |-------------------------------------------------------------------------|

    |-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
    |"It seems te me that many languages could have been designed better |
    |in the first place, except that the rules for good design | |weren't yet known. But even more, trying to extend an existing | |language, and maintain compatibility with the previous one, | |tends to be ugly. |
    | |
    | |
    |As I understand it, one of the original goals of PL/I was to |
    |be Fortran-like, but not back compatible. (In addition to | |bringing in features from ALGOL and COBOL.) |
    | |
    | |
    |From "History of Programming Languages," edited by R. Wexelblat: |
    | |
    | |
    | "FORTRAN VI is not intended to be compatible with any known |
    | FORTRAN IV. It includes the functional capabilities of |
    | FORTRAN IV as well as those capabilities normally associated |
    | with "commmercial" and "algorithmic" languages. In order to |
    | embrace these capabilities in a usable and practical language, |
    | it has been found virtually impossible, and certainly |
    | undesirable, to retain FORTRAN IV as a compatible subset." |
    | |
    | |
    |and further: |
    | |
    | |
    | "Compatibility with FORTRAN IV would preclude having a simple |
    | elegant streamlined language because FORTRAN IV itself is heavily|
    | burdened with curious restrictions and complexities that have |
    | accumulated during its long history of additions that maintained |
    | approximate compatibility with early versions." |
    | |
    | | |(Note that the long history of additions was only about 10 years, |
    |as that was in 1963.) In the following 45 years (through Fortran 2008) |
    |many PL/I features have been added to Fortran, many restrictions | |removed, but many of the "curious restrictions" are still there." | |-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
    --- Synchronet 3.21b-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From John Levine@johnl@taugh.com to sci.electronics.design,comp.arch.embedded on Wed Feb 18 20:32:32 2026
    From Newsgroup: comp.arch.embedded

    HTTPS://compilers.IECC.com/comparch/article
    has many non-existent articles for a month - e.g. December 2004 and March >2018 - are all these non-existent articles before a month's last existent >article really monthly FAQ articles?

    Here's the index for December 2004. Looks OK to me.

    https://compilers.iecc.com/comparch/index/2004-12

    Mboxes are convenient for threads.

    Downloading compressed mboxes of comp.compilers via FTP would take upto a
    few minutes. Instead, downloading HTML versions via HTTPS took more than 1 day.

    The mboxes still exist. If someone asked nicely it would not be hard to put them
    on the web server.

    R's,
    John

    PS:
    different computer languages), with an estimated readership of over
    100,000."
    says
    HTTPS://WWW.JohnLevine.com/about.phtml

    How do you estimate a news group's readership?

    based on the number if news servers several decades ago when I wrote that
    --
    Regards,
    John Levine, johnl@taugh.com, Primary Perpetrator of "The Internet for Dummies",
    Please consider the environment before reading this e-mail. https://jl.ly
    --- Synchronet 3.21b-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From thanks-to@thanks-to@Taf.com to sci.electronics.design,comp.arch.embedded on Wed Feb 18 23:20:52 2026
    From Newsgroup: comp.arch.embedded

    In sci.electronics.design John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> wrote: |---------------------------------------------------------------------| |"Here's the index for December 2004. Looks OK to me. |
    | |
    | https://compilers.iecc.com/comparch/index/2004-12 |
    |" | |---------------------------------------------------------------------|

    Dear Dr. Levine:

    It may be OK, but December-2004 articles with the sequence numbers
    that are
    001
    002
    003
    040
    126
    127
    128
    129
    130
    131
    132
    133
    134
    135
    136
    137
    138
    139
    140
    141
    142
    143
    144
    do not exist but e.g.
    HTTPS://compilers.IECC.com/comparch/article/04-12-182
    does exist. I feel that these numbers hint at very many suspiciously
    inexistent articles. I confess that this does not prove anything.

    |----------------------------------------------------------------------|
    |"The mboxes still exist. If someone asked nicely it would not be hard|
    |to put them on the web server." | |----------------------------------------------------------------------|

    IF
    Doctor_John_R_Levine.(cp ftp/pub/articles/??-??.gz public_html)
    THEN
    constant The_Best_Moderator := Doctor_John_R_Levine.self();
    END IF;

    (S. HTTP://Gloucester.Insomnia247.NL/ fuer Kontaktdaten!)
    --- Synchronet 3.21b-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From John Levine@johnl@taugh.com to sci.electronics.design,comp.arch.embedded on Thu Feb 19 02:46:11 2026
    From Newsgroup: comp.arch.embedded

    It appears that Nioclás Pól Caileán de Ghloucester <thanks-to@Taf.com> said:
    In sci.electronics.design John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> wrote: >|---------------------------------------------------------------------| >|"Here's the index for December 2004. Looks OK to me. |
    | |
    | https://compilers.iecc.com/comparch/index/2004-12 |
    |" | >|---------------------------------------------------------------------|

    Dear Dr. Levine:

    It may be OK, but December-2004 articles with the sequence numbers
    that are
    001
    002
    003

    Those were monthly FAQs.

    040

    That was a cross-posted conference CFP

    126
    127
    128
    129
    130
    131
    132
    133
    134
    135
    136
    137
    138
    139
    140
    141
    142
    143
    144

    Those were a bunch of cancel messages for cross-posted spam.

    This was two decades ago. The real messages are in the archive.
    If you don't find that it meets your needs, feel free not to use it.
    --
    Regards,
    John Levine, johnl@taugh.com, Primary Perpetrator of "The Internet for Dummies",
    Please consider the environment before reading this e-mail. https://jl.ly
    --- Synchronet 3.21b-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From =?UTF-8?Q?Niocl=C3=A1s_P=C3=B3l_Caile=C3=A1n?= de Ghloucester@thanks-to@Taf.com to sci.electronics.design,comp.arch.embedded on Thu Feb 19 11:33:51 2026
    From Newsgroup: comp.arch.embedded

    In sci.electronics.design John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> wrote: |---------------------------------------|
    |"The real messages are in the archive."| |---------------------------------------|
    Good.
    (S. HTTP://Gloucester.Insomnia247.NL/ fuer Kontaktdaten!)
    --- Synchronet 3.21b-Linux NewsLink 1.2